N

206

300

145

118

52

Gender/Age Range

M,F/8-15 (Grades 3-8)

M,F/12-18 (80%M; mostly 13-17)

M,F/11-14 (Grades 6-8)

M,F/8-14 (Grades 3-8)

M,F/7-9 (Primary 3-5)

Setting

2 Urban and 2 Rural Schools

3 Juvenile Detention Facilities

Urban School

3 Urban Schools

Urban School

Location

Western MA, USA

NY, USA

Sarajevo, Bosnia

Germany

Scotland

Internal Consistency: CROPS/PROPS (C/P)

.91/.93

.92 (CROPS only)

.89/.93

.87/.90

.80/.87

Test-Retest Reliability: C/P

.80/.79 (6 wk; n=30)

.70 (CROPS 6 mon; n=117)

Content Validity: C/P

lit review & expert raters

Correlation with History of Exposure to Trauma: C/P

.60/.56

.48 (CROPS)

.57/.39*

CROPS/PROPS Correlation

.60

.34

.38

Factorial Validity

Yes

Yes

Yes

Correlation with other PTS Measure: C/P

CROPS - TSCC: .85 (scales .63-.80)

CROPS - A-DES: .74

Sensitivity to Change in PTS/MH Status

Changes in CROPS and TSCC correlated r=.70 (n=199)

Concurrent/Discriminant Validity

Concurrent w/ Distress: .69/.18

Yes - Multiple Measures*

Comments

PROPS was tried but not valid with staff members who often did not know the youth very well.

*Concurrent: family stress .39/.37; neuroticism .78/.47; loneliness .62/.37. Discriminant: sense of mastery -.68/-.30.

*The PROPS correlation was not significant at .05, perhaps because so few PROPS (only 22) were completed.

Source/Citation

Greenwald, R., & Rubin, A. (1999). Brief assessment of children’s post-traumatic symptoms: Development and preliminary validation of parent and child scales. Research on Social Work Practice, 9, 61-75.

Greenwald, R., Satin, M. S., Azubuike, A. A. A., Borgen, R., & Rubin, A. (2001, December). Trauma-informed multi-component treatment for juvenile delinquents: Preliminary findings. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, New Orleans, LA.

Jurkovic, G.J., Sarac, T., Kuperminc, G., & Morrell, R. (2002, April). Role of filial responsibility and support in children's posttruamatic stress reactions to the Bosnian war. In R. Rosner & G. J. Jurkovic (Co-chairs), Families and personal development during times of war. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the International Academy of Family Psychology, Heidelberg, Germany.

Wiedemann, J., & Greenwald, R. (2000, November). Child trauma assessment with the CROPS and PROPS: Construct validity in a German translation. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, San Antonio.

Russell, A. M., O’Connor, M. B., Greenwald, R., & Rubin, A. (2002). Trauma and post-traumatic stress among disadvantaged urban children in Scotland. Unpublished data.